What is brushless motor and how does it work?

What is brushless motor and how does it work? We will answer these questions in this article.

In the age of modern power tools and gadgets, it is not surprising that brushless motors are becoming more common in the products we buy. Although the brushless motor was invented in the mid-19th century, it was not commercially viable until 1962.

Brushless motor, due to its superior efficiency, smooth torque transmission, high durability and high running speed, is gradually replacing the drawing motor. Their applications, in the past, have been greatly limited by the additional costs of complex motor controllers, which are required to operate the motor.

The internal workings of the two engines are essentially similar. When the motor’s coil is energized, it creates a temporary magnetic field that repels or attracts the permanent magnet.

The resulting force is then converted into a rotation of the shaft to make the motor work. As the shaft rotates, the current is directed to different coils, so that the magnetic field is kept attracted and repelled, allowing the rotor to rotate continuously.

The brushless motor is more efficient than the drawing motor in the process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. They lack commutator, which reduces maintenance and complexity, and reduces electromagnetic interference.

They can develop high torque, a good speed response, and can easily control a single chip (motor control unit).

They also operate within a wide range of speed, allowing fine motion control and torque at rest.

Brushless motor and wire drawing motor are very different in structure.

The brush is used on the brush motor to transfer the current to the windings through the commutator contacts.

However, the brushless motor does not need a commutator. The motor’s magnetic field is switched by an amplifier triggered by a reversing device. An example is an optical encoder measuring fine movements because they are not dependent on the movement phase.

The windings on the drawing motor are located on the rotor and they are located on the brushless motor stator. The need for a brush can be eliminated by locating the coil on a stationary part of the stator or motor.

In short, the main difference between a brushless motor and a brushed motor is that there are no fixed magnets and rotating wires (brushed), and brushless motors have fixed wires and rotating magnets. The main advantage is brushless motor without friction, thus reducing the heat and improving overall efficiency.